An emerging trend involves using nutrition as a "legal" alternative to activate the body's normal anabolic mechanisms. Weight lifters, bodybuilders and health freaks regularly use amino acid supplements, believing they boost the body's natural production of testosterone, GH, insulin, or insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) and so improve muscle size and strength and decrease body fat. The rationale for this stems from the clinical use of amino acid infusion or ingestion to regulate anabolic hormones in deficient patients.
However, research on healthy subjects does not provide convincing evidence for an ergogenic effect of regular intake of amino acid supplements on hormone secretion, training responsiveness, or exercise performance.
Stimulating and anabolic effect
Manipulation and timing of intake of nutritional variables in the immediate pre- and post- exercise periods can affect the responsiveness to resistance training via mechanisms that alter the nutrient availability, enzyme activity, and hormonal secretions, interactions with receptors on target tissues, and gene translations and transcription.
Resistance training stimulates protein synthesis and protein degradation in exercised muscle fibers. Muscle hypertrophy should occur when there is a net increase in protein synthesis. Dietary modifications that increase amino acid transport into muscles and that which also increases anabolic hormones like insulin should on paper increase anabolism and/or depress catabolism.
Carbohydrate-Protein Supplementation in Recovery Augments Hormonal Response to Resistance Exercise
Studies show that there is a transcient 4-fold increase in protein synthesis following a carbohydrate-protein supplement consumed prior or immediately after resistance exercise. Other studies show enhanced glycogen and protein synthesis with increasing carbohydrate and protein intake following a workout.
Postexercise Glucose Augments Protein balance after resistance training
A study showed that glucose post resistance exercise reduced muscle catabolism and increase leucine incorporation into muscles.
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