The omega-3 fatty acids present in fish oil, EPA and DHA, have anti-inflammatory effects and have been studied primarily for rheumatoid arthritis, which involves significant inflammation. However, OA also includes some inflammation. In a 24-week controlled but preliminary trial studying people with OA, people taking EPA had “strikingly lower” pain scores than people who took placebo. However, in a double-blind trial by the same research group, supplementation with 10 ml of cod liver oil per day was no more effective than a placebo.
Overall, it appears that omega-3 fish oil does not seem beneficial for osteoarthritis.
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