Sodium, potassium and chlorine, collectively termed electrolytes, remain dissolved in the body fluids as electrically charged particles, or ions. Sodium and chlorine represent the chief minerals contained in the blood plasma and extracellular fluid.
Electrolytes modulate fluid exchange within the body's fluid compartments, promoting a constant well-regulated exchange of nutrients and waste products between the cell and its internal fluid environment. Potassium is the chief intracellular mineral.
Sodium and potassium ions establish the proper electrical gradient across cell membranes. the difference in electrical balance between the cell's interior and exterior surfaces facilitates nerve impulse transmission, stimulation and action of muscles, and proper gland functioning.
Electrolytes also maintain plasma membrane permeability and regulate the acid-base qualities of the bodily fluids, particularly the blood.
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