The benefits of exercise are well known, but he possibility for negative effects remains controversial. Potentially negative effects occur because elevated aerobic exercise metabolism increase free radicals could possibly overwhelm the body's natural defenses and pose a health risk of oxidative stress.
Free radicals also play a role in muscle injury and soreness from eccentric muscles actions and unaccustomed exercise.
But while free radical are released with exercise, the body's antioxidant defense are also increased. These muscle enzymes and antioxidant system "upregulate" with training adaptations. This thus deals with oxidative stress in exercise and is believed to have benefits for various cancer and heart diseases.
Important questions?
1) are physically active individuals more prone to free-radical damage,
Research shows that the natural antioxidant system in well-nourished people responds adequately to increased physical activity.
and 2) are protective agents with antioxidant defenses in well-nourished people respond adequately to increased physical activity.
Some studies show that taking antioxidant supplements may reduce free radical formation, or augment the natural body defense system. There are some evidence that vitamin E may reduce markers of oxidative stress with extreme exercise. But the evidence is equivocal.
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